Friday, May 15, 2020

The Effects Of Climate Change On Soil Moisture - 1406 Words

Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on the interactions between the land surface and atmosphere through alterations and feedbacks in various coupled processes. Soil moisture is one aspect of the climate system that may be significantly impacted by increased temperatures, especially in areas where snowpack contributes largely to soil moisture and streamflow. In addition to rising temperatures and changes in the timing and amount of precipitation, local factors such as soil properties, vegetation, and topography influence soil moisture distribution and streamflow. This paper reviews various studies attempting to identify how the mentioned climatic and local factors may impact soil moisture, and demonstrates some of the complexities associated with adequately modeling the impacts of climate change on various spatial scales. Soil moisture plays a significant role in the climate system. Evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration through plant leaves connect land and atmospheric processes through the water and energy cycles, and feedbacks associated with soil moisture-atmospheric processes affect regional climate (Hagemann and Stacke, 2014). Soil moisture distribution impacts hydrologic processes including runoff generation and groundwater recharge in a catchment, in addition to biological processes and nutrient cycling (Williams et al., 2008). In regions where snowmelt runoff contributes to soil moisture and streamflow, understanding the factorsShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Soil Carbon Sequestration ( Scs )880 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Soil carbon sequestration (SCS) is the removal of atmospheric Co2 and its long-term storage in soils as soil organic carbon, soil organic matter (decomposing plant and animal tissues) and soil inorganic carbon. Carbon is sequestered in oceans, geological landforms, vegetation and soils; about 75% of the carbon sequestered on land is stored in soils (Powlson et al, 2011). The size of the flow of CO2 to and fro the atmosphere into oceans, soil and geologic landforms will determine ifRead MoreIrish Famine Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesdistributed all over the world, and are obligate parasites of the roots of many plant species, including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous, woody and herbaceous plants. It is a serious problem in nurseries of mostly all vegetable crops during warm climate resulting into severe losses in nursery of crops. b) Tylenchorhynchus spp.: Tylenchorhynchus spp. affect many host plants such as soybean, tobacco, tea, oat, alfalfa, sweet potato, sorghum, rose, lettuce, grape, elms and citrus (Anderson and PotterRead MoreMinimum Value And Maximum Soil Moisture Value902 Words   |  4 Pagesindicates that these months were drier in general. However, December had higher precipitation than June despite it being drier overall. 2. For June 2011, the maximum soil moisture value was 0.2857 m3/m3, the minimum value was 0.0548 m3/m3, and the average soil moisture value was 0.138763 m3/m3. As for December 2011, the maximum soil moisture value was 0.2894 m3/m3, the minimum value was 0.2284 m3/m3, and the average value was 0.240601 m3/m3. One potential explanation for the differences in the averageRead MoreEffects Of The Great Plains Region998 Words   |  4 Pageshave used different methods and models to predict drought conditions and temperature in the Great Plains area. The models and methods discussed include the Palmer Drought Severity Index, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, and the Community Climate System Model. In this paper, I will describe in fuller detail the three models discussed in the paper by Hoerling et al as well as summarize the paper’s conclusions. 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Particular emphasis is given to the use of new space-borne microwave measurements of Soil Moisture (SM) and Vegetation Optical Depth (VOD) which are strongly related to fuel water contents, and are expected to complement and improve existing fire risk indices. Sample results of a soil moisture and temperature based fire risk model estimating the potential spread of wildfires are presented for the Iberian Peninsula. â€Æ' 1. Introduction WildlandRead MoreThe Use Of Lichen And Its Effect On The Environment1501 Words   |  7 Pagestemperature, sun exposure levels, and the pH levels of soil influence the growth of Lichens. Their natural structure and symbiotic relationship with fungus and a photosynthetic partner has given these organisms the ability to survive such harsh and exposed environments. Their ability to absorb substances and minerals dissolved in rain and dew has also enabled Lichen to live and survive in such extreme areas, but this ability has had the effect of making them very sensitive to pollutants in the air;Read MoreFactors That Affect Soil Development1358 Words   |  6 PagesFactors Affecting Soil Development Studies on the research of soil have shown that the profile of soils is influenced by five factors interacting with each there. These are: parent material, climate, topography, organisms, and time. Parent material: This refers to the mineral material, or organic material from which the soil is formed. Soils will carry the characteristics of its parent material such as color, texture, structure, mineral composition and so on. For example, if soils are formed fromRead MoreClimate Change And Agriculture On Indi Impacts And Adaptation For Sustainable Future1646 Words   |  7 PagesCLIMATE CHANGE AND AGRICULTURE IN INDIA: IMPACTS AND ADAPTATION FOR SUSTAINABLE FUTURE Anupam Kumar Singh Department of African Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi (India). 1. Introduction India with its area of 3.28 million sq. km accounts for 2.4% of the world’s land surface area and stands as the seventh largest country in the world. India is second most populous country in the world with above 1.3 billion which containing 17.5% of world population. The size and populationRead MoreControl The Wildfires Of Alberta Canada992 Words   |  4 Pagesthese fires burn in old growth areas. Once the fire is burned out it leaves nutrients in the soil to aid in regrowth for future plants. After the fire Grizzly Bears rummage through the now loose and nutrient rich soil for certain roots that are apart of their diets. These roots are only accessible to the Grizzly Bear after a fire has cleared out the forest. Once regeneration starts, the nutrients in the soil allow other food sources to begin growth and bears start to forage for them. The cycle continues

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